Foreign Policy Definition and Examples

International strategy Definition and Examples A state’s international strategy comprises of the techniques it uses to ensure its global and household interests and decides the manner in which it associates with other state and non-state on-screen characters. The main role of international strategy is to guard a nation’s national interests, which can be in peaceful or savage manners. Key Takeaways: Foreign Policy International strategy includes the strategies and procedure by which a country communicates with different countries so as to advance its own interestsForeign arrangement may utilize tact or other more straightforward methods, for example, hostility established in military powerInternational bodies, for example, the United Nations and its antecedent, the League of Nations, help smooth relations between nations through discretionary meansMajor international strategy hypotheses are Realism, Liberalism, Economic Structuralism, Psychological Theory, and Constructivism Instances of Foreign Policy In 2013 China built up an international strategy known as the Belt and Road Initiative, the nation’s procedure to create more grounded financial ties in Africa, Europe, and North America. In the United States, numerous presidents are known for their milestone international strategy choices, for example, the Monroe Doctrine which restricted the settler takeover of a free state. An international strategy can likewise be the choice to avoid global associations and discussions, for example, the more neutralist approaches of North Korea. Discretion and Foreign Policy At the point when international strategy depends on tact, heads of state arrange and team up with other world pioneers to forestall struggle. As a rule, representatives are sent to speak to a nation’s international strategy interests at universal occasions. While an accentuation on tact is a foundation of numerous states international strategy, there are others that depend on military weight or different less conciliatory methods. Tact has assumed a critical job in the de-acceleration of worldwide emergencies, and the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 is a prime case of this. During the Cold War, knowledge educated President John F. Kennedy that the Soviet Union was sending weapons to Cuba, potentially getting ready for a negative mark against the United States. President Kennedy had to pick between an international strategy arrangement that was absolutely conciliatory, addressing the Soviet Union President Nikita Khrushchev or one that was increasingly aggressive. The previous president chose to order a bar around Cuba and undermine further military activity if Soviet boats bringing rockets endeavored to get through. So as to forestall further acceleration, Khrushchev consented to expel all rockets from Cuba, and consequently, Kennedy made a deal to avoid attacking Cuba and to evacuate U.S. rockets from Turkey (which was inside striking separation of the Soviet Union). This second in time is noteworthy in light of the fact that the two governments arranged an answer that finished the present clash, the barricade, just as de-heightened the bigger strain, the rockets close to each other’s fringes. The History of Foreign Policy and Diplomatic Organizations International strategy has existed insofar as individuals have sorted out themselves into changing groups. In any case, the investigation of international strategy and the production of global associations to advance tact is genuinely later. One of the principal set up global bodies for talking about international strategy was the Concert of Europe in 1814 after the Napoleonic wars. This gave the significant European forces (Austria, France, Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia) a gathering to unravel issues strategically as opposed to depending on military dangers or wars. In the twentieth Century, World War I and II by and by uncovered the requirement for a universal gathering to de-raise strife and keep the harmony. The League of Nations (which was shaped by previous U.S. President Woodrow Wilson at the end of the day did exclude the U.S.) was made in 1920 with the basic role of keeping up world harmony. After the League of Nations disintegrated, it was supplanted by the United Nations in 1954 after World War II, an association to advance global participation and now incorporates 193 nations as individuals. It is essential to take note of that a large number of these associations are focused around Europe and the Western Hemisphere all in all. In view of European countries’ history of government and colonization, they frequently used the best universal political and financial forces and in this way made these worldwide frameworks. Be that as it may, there are mainland conciliatory bodies, for example, the African Union, Asia Cooperation Dialog, and Union of South American Countries which encourage multilateral collaboration in their separate areas too. International strategy Theories: Why States Act as They Do The investigation of international strategy uncovers a few hypotheses regarding why states act the manner in which they do. The overarching hypotheses are Realism, Liberalism, Economic Structuralism, Psychological Theory, and Constructivism. Authenticity Authenticity expresses that interests are constantly decided as far as force and states will consistently act as per their wellbeing. Old style Realism follows sixteenth century political scholar Niccolã ² Machiavelli’s well known expression from his international strategy book The Prince: â€Å"It is a lot more secure to be dreaded than loved.† It follows that the world is loaded with confusion since people are proud and will successfully have power. The auxiliary perusing of authenticity, be that as it may, concentrates more on the state than the individual: All legislatures will respond to pressures similarly on the grounds that they are more worried about national security than power. Progressivism The hypothesis of progressivism stresses freedom and balance in all perspectives and accepts that the privileges of the individual are better than the requirements of the state. It additionally follows that the disarray of the world can be mollified with worldwide participation and worldwide citizenship. Monetarily, radicalism esteems organized commerce most importantly and accepts the state ought to infrequently intercede in financial issues, as this is the place issues emerge. The market has a drawn out direction towards security, and nothing ought to meddle with that. Financial Structuralism Financial structuralism, or Marxism, was spearheaded by Karl Marx, who accepted that private enterprise was indecent in light of the fact that it is the unethical misuse of the numerous by the couple of. Nonetheless, scholar Vladimir Lenin carried the examination to a universal level by clarifying that settler industrialist countries prevail by dumping their overabundance items in financially more vulnerable countries, which drives down the costs and further debilitates the economy in those territories. Basically, issues emerge in global relations in light of this grouping of capital, and change can just happen through the activity of the low class. Mental Theories Mental speculations clarify worldwide governmental issues on a progressively singular level and try to see how an individual’s brain research can influence their international strategy choices. This follows tact is profoundly influenced by the individual capacity to pass judgment, which is regularly shaded by how arrangements are introduced, the time accessible for the choice, and level of hazard. This clarifies why political dynamic is frequently conflicting or may not follow a particular philosophy. Constructivism Constructivism accepts that thoughts impact characters and drive interests. The present structures just exist since long stretches of social practice have made it so. On the off chance that a circumstance should be settled or a framework must be changed, social and ideological developments have the ability to realize changes. A center case of constructivism is human rights, which are seen by certain countries, however not others. In the course of recent hundreds of years, as social thoughts and standards around human rights, sexual orientation, age, and racial correspondence have developed, laws have changed to mirror these new cultural standards. Sources Elrod, Richard B. â€Å"The Concert of Europe: A Fresh Look at an International System.†Ã‚ World Politics, vol. 28, no. 2, 1976, pp. 159â€174. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2009888.â€Å"The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 1962.†Ã‚ U.S. Branch of State, U.S. Branch of State, history.state.gov/achievements/1961-1968/cuban-rocket crisis.Viotti, Paul R., and Mark V. Kauppi. International Relations Theory. fifth ed., Pearson, 2011.

How to Be More Punctual for School

The most effective method to Be More Punctual for School Do you appear to be behind schedule for school a ton? Do individuals bother you about it? Do your evaluations endure as a result of it? Does your lateness irritate your educator? Being on time is so significant for scholarly achievement! Figure out how to improve your notoriety and your odds for scholarly accomplishment with these tips for being exactly on schedule - constantly! Tips for Punctuality Reexamine the significance of on schedule. Individuals who are consistently on time are truly individuals who show up before the expected time each dayand recognize that things can turn out badly to slow down them a few minutes. At the point when things do turn out badly these understudies show up on time!Understand the significance of being on schedule. Understudies who are consistently on time are the individuals who procure the best grades, win grants, and get into incredible universities. In the working scene, the individuals who are consistently on time are the individuals who get promotions.Get enough rest. On the off chance that you experience difficulty getting up in the first part of the day, at that point put forth a genuine attempt to get the opportunity to bed prior. Adequate rest is basic for most extreme mind work in any case, so you truly dont need to disregard this part of your educational habits.Give yourself a practical measure of time to dress and man of the hour. You can do this with a basic exercise: Get up mid one morning and time yourself (moving at a typical pace) to perceive to what extent it takes you to prepare. You might be astonished at the time it takes, particularly on the off chance that you discover you have been attempting to press forty minutes worth of prepping into fifteen minutes every morning. You can have a go at making a period the board clock. Know precisely when you should be at your goal and take away ten or fifteen minutes to set up your appearance time. This will give you an opportunity to go to the bathroom or visit with companions. What time would you say you are required to be situated in your homeroom or your top of the line? In the event that your class starts at 7:45, you ought to show up at the school by 7:30 and be in your seat at 7:40.Be open to your instructors inclinations. Does your educator need you to be situated early? In the event that your educator needs you to be in class before the ringer rings, at that point do as such if its conceivable - regardless of whether you dont concur. Dont blow up and accuse others on the off chance that you arent meeting the instructors desires. Why mess up yourself?Communicate any issues. On the off chance that your transport is in every case late or you need to take your younger sibling to class and it generally makes you late, simply disclose this to your teacher.Liste n to traffic news. On the off chance that you rely upon open transportation to get the opportunity to class, consistently watch out for plan interruptions.Have a reinforcement plan for your transportation. In the event that you typically ride to class with a companion, think ahead and plan what to do if your companion becomes ill. Set your timekeepers forward by ten minutes. This is a messy minimal mental stunt that numerous individuals play on themselves. The entertaining thing is, it truly works!

Mental Health Book Recommendations From Those Who Struggle

Mental Health Book Recommendations From Those Who Struggle Today is the World Health Organizations official World Mental Health Day. The theme for this years day of discussing and highlighting the importance of mental health is that of young people and mental health in a changing world. This is a topic near and dear to my heart, and its a topic thats near and dear to the incredible people who contributed raw, brave, and smart essays and art to my recently-released anthology (Dont) Call Me Crazy: 33 Voices Start The Conversation About Mental Health. The statistics about mental health and adolescents are sobering. Roughly one out of every five teens under the age of 18 struggle with mental illness. Depression accounts for one of the leading illnesses and disabilities in this same age group, and the third leading cause of death in this same demographic is suicide. But as much as knowing thisâ€"and living it, either via ones memory of youth or by witnessing and working with todays adolescentsâ€"can be scary, there is hope. Culturally, were fostering more open dialog about mental health, and more and more communities throughout the United States are offering resources to their teens via school psychologists and counseling. Its far from perfect, but these first small steps lead to greater leaps. Another thing thats certainly fostering dialog and better understanding is the growth in YA books about mental illness. The more representation of mental health, the more opportunities to see the ways it plays out. In honor of World Mental Health Day, I asked some of the contributors to (Dont) Call Me Crazy to share some of the books about mental health and mental illness which have had a big impact on their lives. Ive also included some of the books theyve written, in order to offer up some excellent reading in the world of mental health. These books are appropriate for teens and adults. Descriptions from books by contributors come from Goodreads. Descriptions from contributors are their own. If you have any mental health or mental illness books that you find important and powerful, please leave them in the comments. There is always room for more. Books About Mental Illness Mental Health Reasons to Stay Alive  by Matt Haig: This right here is hands down the best book about living with depression and anxiety. Bite-sized chapters, lists, and anecdotes make it a perfect book to keep in your back pocketâ€"just in case. â€"Ashley Holstrom History Is All You Left Me by Adam Silvera When Griffins first love and ex-boyfriend, Theo, dies in a drowning accident, his universe implodes. Even though Theo had moved to California for college and started seeing Jackson, Griffin never doubted Theo would come back to him when the time was right. But now, the future hes been imagining for himself has gone far off course. To make things worse, the only person who truly understands his heartache is Jackson. But no matter how much they open up to each other, Griffins downward spiral continues. Hes losing himself in his obsessive compulsions and destructive choices, and the secrets hes been keeping are tearing him apart. If Griffin is ever to rebuild his future, he must first confront his history, every last heartbreaking piece in the puzzle of his life. The Beauty That Remains by  by Ashley Woodfolk: This book is centrally about the grief of three separate characters, often weaving in their social media presences in this character-driven, voice-y way that I think will particularly engage teen readers. So much of Shays experience with panic/anxiety rang true to me, and I particularly appreciated the treatment of therapy in the story, including that therapy/treatment can be especially stigmatized in the Black community. Ashley speaks more about that  here. â€"Emery Lord The Color of My Mind: Mental Health Narratives from People of Color  edited by Dior Vargas (available here) The Color Of My Mind is a photo essay based on the viral online photo series entitled the People Of Color and Mental Illness Photo Project launched in September 2014 by Dior Vargas. The project started as a result of Dior noticing an unfortunate trend in the homogenization and misrepresentation of mental health conditions and the people affected by them. Now, this photo essay seeks to highlight the diversity in the mental health community. The Color Of My Mind visually depicts the experiences of 34 individuals as they discuss their struggles, strengths, and lessons learned while living life as a person of color with a mental illness. There Is No Right Way To Meditate by Yumi Sakugawa Take a Moment and Breathe! In  There Is No Right Way to Meditate, award-winning artist Yumi Sakugawa helps you tap into your inner self and finally find the peace that youve been seeking. Each page offers a unique perspective on how to lead a more mindful life, with captivating ink illustrations and encouraging words like, its okay if the only thing you did today was breathe. From simple ways to get rid of a bad mood to instructions for making your intentions come true, her lessons will inspire you to become more aware of the present moment and find stillness no matter where you go. With Yumis uplifting guidance, you will dig deeper into your soul to discover the tranquility already surrounding you. My Heart and Other Black Holes by  by Jasmine Warga follows two teens who make a suicide pact. One of the things this book absolutely nails for me is dark humor. Theres a wry, deadpan line that runs through Aysels narration, like glittery black veins through a slab of marble. I not only relate; I found that the levity made the experience of being within a depressed persons POV much easier. I wont spoil the end, but I will say that the end felt satisfying without feeling too easy. â€"Emery Lord Charm and Strange by Stephanie Kuehn When you’ve been kept caged in the dark, it’s impossible to see the forest for the trees. It’s impossible to see anything, really. Not without bars…   Andrew Winston Winters is at war with himself. He’s part Win, the lonely teenager exiled to a remote Vermont boarding school in the wake of a family tragedy.  The guy who shuts all his classmates out, no matter the cost. He’s part Drew, the angry young boy with violent impulses that control him. The boy who spent a fateful, long-ago summer with his brother and teenage cousins, only to endure a secret so monstrous it led three children to do the unthinkable. Over the course of one night, while stuck at a party deep in the New England woods, Andrew battles both the pain of his past and the isolation of his present. Before the sun rises, he’ll either surrender his sanity to the wild darkness inside his mind or make peace with the most elemental of truthsâ€"that choosing to live can mean so much more than not dying. The Memory of Light by Francisco X. Stork I’m a huge fan of Francisco X. Stork, who experienced his first serious bout of depression in his teens. While the “waking up in the hospital after a suicide attempt” story has been done a lot of times, it’s done well here, as Vicky and the people around her come to life and are at times pretty funny, dark, and sad as she faces up to the “after” of her failed suicide attempt. â€"s.e. smith Not Just Me: Anxiety, Depression, and Learning To Embrace Your Weird by Lisa Jakub Lisa Jakub has always been a little weird. Sensitive. Emotional. Introverted. What else would you expect from a former child actor turned writer? But the issue wasn’t just an artistic temperament; Lisa was constantly trying to hide her debilitating anxiety and depression. She assumed that retiring from her eighteen-year acting career and leaving Hollywood was going to be the cure for all of her issues. Guess how that worked out? Lisa was still having three panic attacks a day and found it hard to leave her house. But when anxiety-induced vomiting claimed the life of her iPodâ€"she knew it was time to get help. It was time to talk about the things that are hard to talk about. She started to embrace her weird. In searching for a deeper understanding of mental wellness, Lisa explored her own history and reached out to others to learn how anxiety and depression impacted their lives. She interviewed Veterans with PTSD and ten-year-olds with sensory integration issues, people with eating disorders and cutting habits, those whose lives were saved by medication and those who found yoga to be the answer. She went to Colorado to learn about the effects of cannabis on anxiety, and attended a meditation retreat in North Carolina to sit quietly for hours and hours and hours in “noble silence.” Without a phone. Not Just Me is a hopeful, entertaining, enlightening look at the root causes of anxiety, the latest research on mood disorders, and ideas for how we can all live authentically with more peace, power, and purpose. Part memoir, part journalistic explorationâ€"this book reminds all of us that we are not alone. Far From You by Tess Sharpe In childhood, Sharpe experienced anxiety, depression, and several suicide attempts, and found her lifeline in young adult fiction. She returned the favor with Far From You, featuring Sophie, who is trying to figure out who killed her best friend after a life turned upside-down by a car accident, a series of painful surgeries, and a dependence that became an addictionâ€"though I do wish to note, as did Sharpe herself when we discussed Sophie’s depiction, that being dependent on pain management (or any medication) isn’t wrong, and questions of addiction and abuse arise when a need (pain control) becomes a want (the psychoactive effects of opiates). â€"s.e. smith Soft Spots: A Marines Memoir of Combat and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder by Clint Van Winkle Marine Sergeant Clint Van Winkle flew to war on Valentines Day 2003. His battalion was among the first wave of troops that crossed into Iraq, and his first combat experience was the battle of Nasiriyah, followed by patrols throughout the country, house to house searches, and operations in the dangerous Baghdad slums. But after two tours of duty, certain images would not leave his memoryâ€"a fragmented mental movie of shooting a little girl; of scavenging parts from a destroyed, blood-spattered tank; of obliterating several Iraqi men hidden behind an ancient wall; and of mistakenly stepping on a soft spot, the remains of a Marine killed in combat. After his return home, Van Winkle sought help at a Veterans Administration facility, and so began a maddening journey through an indifferent system that promises to care for veterans, but in fact abandons many of them. From riveting scenes of combat violence, to the gallows humor of soldiers fighting a war that seems to make no sense, to moments of tenderness in a civilian life ravaged by flashbacks, rage, and doubt, Soft Spots reveals the mind of a soldier like no other recent memoir of the war that has consumed America. In my essay for (Dont) Call Me Crazy, one of my biggest questions is why my mother refused help time and time again after she was diagnosed with schizophrenia. It hurt to know that in many ways, my mother and I were living in different worlds, and she was choosing to stay in the world inside her head. For years, I never understood her choices. But when I started seeing a therapist myself, I wanted to better understand the disorders members of my family had been diagnosed with: schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder. My therapist and I are both avid readers, and I think by having that common ground, she knew where to direct me and my questions. In a way, she was speaking my language. One of the first books she recommended to me was Far From the Tree: Parents, Children and the Search for Identity by Andrew Solomon. The book is geared mostly toward parents who are raising children under various challenging circumstances: In addition to a chapter on raising children with schizophrenia, other chapters introduce readers to children who were conceived in rape, children who are prodigies, children who have autism, and more. As a sister and as a child of people facing mental illness, I have found it enlightening to read such humane profiles of people who share my familys diseases. The chapter on schizophrenia, in particular, shows the many facets of a human being battling disease. Solomon writes that sometimes, patients have a hard time deciding whether [they want] to be in the real world or that other world [in their heads]. One patient, Solomon writes, doesnt want to stop listening to the voices in his headâ€"over time, theyve become his friends. Part of what Ive found so damaging about the silence around mental illness is that for much of my life, Ive had to rely on depictions in films and TV to have any sense of what members of my family were going through. For so long, portrayals of mental illness in media were exaggerated and insensitive, and it was incredibly damaging to my ability to understand and empathize with people who were struggling. By reading Solomons informative, yet heartfelt profiles, I can start to get a sense of just how complex a persons life can beâ€"and I can see how a mental health diagnosis is far from a sentence to a life without love. â€"Hannah Bae The Collected Schizophrenias by Esmé Weijun Wang (February) An intimate, moving book written with the immediacy and directness of one who still struggles with the effects of mental and chronic illness,  The Collected Schizophrenias  cuts right to the core. Schizophrenia is not a single unifying diagnosis, and Esmé Weijun Wang writes not just to her fellow members of the collected schizophrenias but to those who wish to understand it as well. Opening with the journey toward her diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder, Wang discusses the medical communitys own disagreement about labels and procedures for diagnosing those with mental illness, and then follows an arc that examines the manifestations of schizophrenia in her life. In essays that range from using fashion to present as high-functioning to the depths of a rare form of psychosis, and from the failures of the higher education system and the dangers of institutionalization to the complexity of compounding factors such as PTSD and Lyme disease, Wangs analytical eye, honed as a former lab r esearcher at Stanford, allows her to balance research with personal narrative. An essay collection of undeniable power,  The Collected Schizophrenias  dispels misconceptions and provides insight into a condition long misunderstood. When I randomly stumbled upon Hyperbole and a Half, back when it only existed as a blogspot site (with an admittedly huge following), I felt like Id finally found something deeply relatable, not just in terms of foiled attempts at adulting, being weird and kind of very awkward, but, importantly, in terms of the day-to-day impact of mental illness. I struggled with self-image issues throughout my teens, which contributed to the anxiety and depression Ive struggled with all of my adult life. But I, like many others, found it difficult to express what I was going through to family, friends, and therapists; much of my battle was waged in isolation. When I read Hyperbole and a Half, and, specifically, Adventures in Depression, I felt seen in a way I never had before. With her simple, effective drawings and sharp, genius satire, Broshs comics made me feel less alone, and they gave me much, much needed laughter. â€"S. Zainab Williams Want more books about mental health and mental illness? Youll want to check out these comics about mental illness, 100 must-read books about mental illness, and these great teen books about depression. You may also find these self-help books for depression worth reading.  

Amy And Lin Have Recently Become Friends After Working

Amy and Lin have recently become friends after working together on a project at work. They often accompany each other to get coffee at a nearby cafe on their breaks and sometimes on the weekend. Although Amy and Lin tend to get along quite well with each other, from time to time their views on certain ethical topics conflict. PERSONS OF THE DIALOGUE: Amy and Lin SCENE: Cafe near their workplace on a weekend AMY: It’s quite rare for you to be late to our regular coffee dates. LIN: I’m sorry about the wait. I didn’t know that there was going to be a LGBTQ parade taking place today so I wasn’t expecting many of the roads I usually take to become blocked off. AMY: No wonder there’s such a raucous outside. LIN: I actually think they’re all†¦show more content†¦Therefore, religious reasonings against same-sex marriage should not be considered in the legalization of same-sex marriage. Can we agree then to not use religious beliefs in our discussion? AMY: Yes, I agree. LIN: Now, I am referring back to your comment before about same-sex marriage being wrong. Could you expound on how exactly it is wrong? AMY: Well, is marriage not supposed to be made between a man and a woman? LIN: Technically, marriage by definition is the formal and legal recognition of the union between two people who have an intimate relationship as partners. It is not necessarily required that marriage be exclusively between a man and a woman. AMY: Regardless, the union between two men or two women is unnatural. You cannot deny that traditionally marriage has only been between a man and a woman. It has been that ways for many years and to include gay marriage would change the meaning of marriage. LIN: I concede that by legalizing same-sex marriage we would be changing the meaning of marriage as we are expanding it to include same-sex marriage. However, the concept of â€Å"traditional† marriage has never existed. This concept of marriage that we think of is simply a societal concept we have created ourselves and added meaning to. What we consider to be marriage today contrasts radically from what we considered to be marriage before. Centuries ago, marriage oftentimes involved a man and many women. Later on it became more common for marriage to occur betweenShow MoreRelatedP2P Lending in Singapore13536 Words   |  55 Pagesincludes risk and regulations associated with peer to peer lending and the impact of social behaviours and social connections on the decision of investors related to investment in online platforms. Acknowledgement I owe a debt of gratitude for working adults and SMEs for providing me accurate data and their feedback regarding their loan preferences. I would like to thank all for their precious time and respond. As this work would not be possible without their time and effort. 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The Apartheid Of South Africa - 1750 Words

â€Å"Mandela did not merely oppose white domination; he opposed domination by any racial group, including Africans. By standing firm in his principles and enduring extraordinary sacrifices that robbed him of most of his adult life, he helped force change, while proving beyond any doubt that he was a leader who could be trusted to keep his word† (Kent). Nelson Mandela (1918-2013) was a human rights activist as well as the first black President of South Africa. Referred to as the living embodiment of black liberation, Mandela specifically fought against the government system of South Africa known as apartheid (Lacayo, Washington, Monroe, Simpson). Apartheid is an Afrikaan word meaning apartness and was a system of racial segregation for the†¦show more content†¦Even before apartheid however, racist ideologies were still prominent in South Africa and affected the lives of many blacks, including Nelson Mandela. For example, in 1939, Mandela was considered fortunate to have entered the elite University of Fort Hare, which at the time was the only Western-style higher learning institute for South African blacks. Sadly, in 1940 Mandela and several other students were sent home from the university for participating in a boycott against university policies that would not allow a democratically chosen student council (Hunt); however Mandela was lucky to have even had the opportunity to go to Fort Hare. In fact, Mandela was the first in his family to receive a formal education, showing how uncommon it was for blacks to actually go to school let alone attend a university in South Africa. After studying law at the University of Witwatersrand, Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC) and worked with other associates to form its youth league, the ANCYL. The ANCYL along with the ANC were responsible for coming up with tactics to respond to racism in South Africa, which started out as boycotts, strikes, civil disobedience, and other nonviolent metho ds. However, after years of peaceful rebellion, on December 5th, 1956, Mandela and 155 other activists were arrested and put on trial for treason. Luckily all defendants were freed in 1961 but by the time they

Hip Hop Culture Free Essays

There is, of course, a warranty comfortable feeling in being on the right side of the amounts professed ideals. We realize that we cannot be undone without America’s undoing. It is within the gamut of this attitude that the thinking Negro faces America, but the variations of mood in connection with it are f anything more significant than the attitude Itself. We will write a custom essay sample on Hip Hop Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sometimes we have it taken with the defiant Ironic challenge of _Mckay Mine is the future grinding down today Like a great landslip moving to the sea, Bearing its freight of debris far away Where the green hungry waters restlessly Heave mammoth pyramids and break and roar Their eerie challenge to the crumbling shore. Sometimes, perhaps more frequently as yet, in the fervent and almost filial appeal and counsel of Weldon Johnny’s_: O Southland, dear Southland! Then why do you still cling To an Idle age and a musty page, Too dead and useless thing. Who is the author of this piece? How to cite Hip Hop Culture, Papers

The effective early childhood educator

Early childhood education plays an important role in educational, physical and social development of a child. There is no question that the education given to a child in its early years of development has significant contribution to the future intellectual development of the child.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The effective early childhood educator specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The relationships, educational experience and nutrition during the first eight early of a child have high contribution to the child mental and social growth. Therefore, a good early childhood education helps a child to develop in a healthy manner while poor program can have long-term negative effects on a child’s development. Effective early childhood educators are the backbone to successful early childhood education. Success of an early childhood education program is highly depended on the competence of early childhood educat ors. An early childhood educator does not just teach but helps the children to develop in various aspects of their lives (Early, et al., 2007). Above introducing children to education, early childhood educators have to take care of physical, nutritional and social developmental needs of the children. On top of introducing the children to reading, writing and simple computation, early childhood educators have to teach hygiene, safety and other important things that a child needs in its development. Importantly, early childhood educators act as parents to the children and have to respond to the children’s emotional needs. In this paper, I will explore the qualities that make an early childhood educator to be effective. Early childhood educator is an occupation like no other. Early childhood educators must be able to deal with children and respond to their multiple needs. They have the responsibility of laying a foundation to future lives of their students and above all, act as parents to the children. The educators give instructional assistance in the most important part of the children’s education. It is during the early years of development that a child acquires vital social skill and learns to interact with other people. In addition to helping children develop in their social aspects, early childhood educators play significant role in shaping a child’s attitude towards school (Early, et al., 2007). To be effective, therefore, an early childhood educator must have a passion to teach young children. Without having the passion, an early childhood educator cannot withstand the many demands from young children and their parents. The main motivation for early childhood educators should be the children themselves. Early childhood educators must enjoy spending most of their time with young children and participating in their activities such as plays.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first pape r with 15% OFF Learn More Children require a supportive environment for them to develop effectively (Vialle, Lysaght Verenikina, 2008). Effective early childhood educators must be able to anticipate and provide the necessary emotional and educational support to their students. They must be able to create a safe learning environment that invites and supports the children in their educational, social and physical development. To carry out their responsibilities effectively, early childhood educators need to have the necessary organizational, interpersonal and professional skills (Hollowell, 2009). A safe and inviting classroom environment is vital to success of an early childhood education program. A good learning environment can help children to develop easily and make the work of an early childhood educator much easier. Therefore, early childhood educators need to be organized in order to create the suitable learning environment for their students. They must be able to org anize their classrooms in a manner that supports learning and captures their student’s attention (Hollowell, 2009). Considering that young children are easily distracted, early childhood educators must do everything possible to minimize distractions. For instance, an early childhood educator should ensure that all materials that she requires are within her reach in order to avoid distracting her students. An organized early childhood educator is effective in her duties. Children in an early childhood program rely on their teachers for almost everything. The early childhood educator has to not only teach but also accompany and monitor children during their plays, assist children in toileting, cater for their nutritional needs, address special needs of some students, handle parents and carry out other activities. Without being organized, an early childhood educator cannot be able to carry out all her duties effectively. In classrooms, effective early childhood educators ensure that their students can access their materials easily. Papers, pencils, charts, paper towels and other necessary materials are placed in a manner that they can be reached easily (Hollowell, 2009). In addition to creating organized classroom settings, early childhood educators must be able to establish effective routine for their students. The students must be able to know what to do at what time and sail smoothly through their school day. Organized classroom setting and routine help children to be comfortable and less anxious.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The effective early childhood educator specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Effective early childhood educators must be able to communicate successfully with children and their parents. Interpersonal and cognitive capabilities of children in early childhood program are at their initial stage (Koza Smith, 2007). Early childhood educators therefore must have the capability of understanding their student without relying on words alone. They should be able to tell when a child is anxious, worried, uncomfortable or happy. Apart from being able to understand their students, effective early childhood educators must be able communicate to their students in an understandable manners. In classrooms, early childhood educators require good communicating skills to teach. To be effective, they must be able to frame their messages in a manner that make them easy for the students to understand. Effective early childhood educators should be able to use various instruction materials to communicate their message to their students and help them grow (Hollowell, 2009). Considering that early childhood education contributes highly to social development of a child, as a role model, an early childhood educator should demonstrate good social and interpersonal skills. Early childhood educators must be able to deal with parents and guardians to their students. Pare nts and guardians are very much concerned about the progress of their children in an education program. Effective early childhood educators must therefore be able to maintain continuous communication with parents and guardians and update them on the progress of their children (Early, et al., 2007). They should also be able to engage parents and guardians in their program by inviting them to give suggestions and participate in educational development of their children. Early childhood educators do not work in isolation. They have to interact with co-workers, supervisor and special needs officers. Effective early childhood educators should use their interpersonal skills to relate well with other people. For instance, an early childhood educator may have problems in getting administrator to appreciate their work. To demonstrate the value of early childhood education, effective early childhood educator can invite the administrator to her class and display her students’ work. Earl y childhood educators must have the necessary professional skills for them to be effective. Above the necessary professional qualifications, effective early childhood educators seek information in order to improve their skills.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To be updated on latest and better techniques and instructional methods, effective early childhood educators follow up latest research in early childhood education (Grieshaber Cannella, 2001). To meet developmental needs of the students effectively, early effective early childhood educators must make effort to educate themselves by reviewing latest research and reading periodicals on early childhood education. Effective early childhood educators are able to integrate education and care in their programs (Vialle, Lysaght Verenikina, 2008). Integrating education and care is very important to the success of an early childhood program. An effective early childhood educator should therefore be able to find the right balance between play and conscious learning, stimulation and boredom, discipline and compromise, routine and free time, physical education/life skills, and general knowledge (Maths, English, Science, Etc.), and lastly independence and teamwork (Vialle, Lysaght Verenikina, 2008). Considering that children will make mistakes or misbehave, effective early childhood educators must not shy away from correcting their students. To an effective early childhood educator, mistakes are considered as opportunities and she uses the mistakes to achieve the desired learning and developmental goals. When a child misbehaves, an effective early childhood educator uses the opportunity to facilitate emotional regulation and growth towards appropriate social behaviour. In order to fashion a comfortable environment for learning and expression an effective early childhood educator ensures a strong bond between her and her students. The bond between early childhood educators and their students is the most important factors of achieving a nurturing learning centre. To ensure that the bond remains, an effective early childhood educator always dedicates a section at the beginning of the day for personal interaction (Vialle, Lysaght Verenikina, 2008). It is a fact that childre n learn best through play. In fact, play is considered the language that children understand best (Koza Smith, 2007). Therefore, effective early childhood educators should be able to engage their students in plays. They should be able to use plays to help their students to achieve social and educational development. Effective early childhood educators know how to integrate plays in their programs and are able to achieve much. Effective early childhood educators are flexible. The secret of teaching children is to make learning as interesting as possible (Koza Smith, 2007). Effective early childhood educators therefore vary their lesson plans to respond to learning requirements and styles of their students. Because of their passion to teach and ability to be flexible, effective early childhood educators are able to make school to be enjoyable to all their students. Discipline is a necessity for success of any educational program. To be successful, early childhood educators must be a ble to a strike a balance between being gentle and firm disciplinarian (Grieshaber Cannella, 2001). Effective early childhood educators strive to ensure that high discipline prevails in their classrooms. However, effective early childhood educators discipline their student gently and lovingly. They are able to maintain self-control at all time and hold no grudge with any child. The identity and image that a child develops during its early years last for long. A child experience in an early childhood centre can therefore contribute to its self image and identity (Edwards, Blaise Hammer, 2009). An effective early childhood educator is therefore responsible enough to care for self image of their students. She makes every effort and takes the necessary interventions to ensure that their students develop positive self image. In classroom, an effective early childhood educator tries to ensure that a sense of fairness prevails. She gives all student opportunity to participate and ensure none of the children feels neglected or ignored. As responsible teachers, effective early childhood educators should be able to note any change in behaviour of their students and make the necessary intervention. Understanding developmental needs of a child is vital for success of an early childhood educator (Vialle, Lysaght Verenikina, 2008). Effective early childhood educators therefore should have a high understanding of the needs of their students. They should understand the best way to respond to social, educational, emotional, psychological and nutritional needs of their students. With understanding child development, effective early childhood educators are able to create a learning environment that suites all their students irrespective of their culture, age and social abilities (Edwards, Blaise Hammer, 2009). A good learning environment helps in motivating students and boosts their self esteem (Hollowell, 2009). Studies have shown that treating children at a low expectancy level of achievement undermines the child and have a negative effect on progression. Hence, an effective early childhood educator understands that building confidence and self esteem of her students is one of her responsibilities. High level of energy, a sense of humour, and patience are necessary qualities of an effective early childhood educator. Early childhood educator is centre of attention to all her students. She has to respond to many demands from her students. To be effective, early childhood educator has to have high energy and spirit throughout her school day. She has to demonstrate enthusiasm to her students and encourage them through various learning activities. Apart from enthusiasm, an effective early childhood educator requires a sense of humour. Above all qualities, an effective early childhood educator must be patient with her students and their parents. It is fundamentally important as an Australian early childhood educator to be familiar with the ‘Australia n Context Curriculum’ for early childhood education. As the environment and culture of the world is forever evolving so must the curriculum, therefore, teachers and educators must have access to and regularly check any updates towards the curriculum. For instance, in March 2010, the Australian curriculum was updated, the focus was of less quantity and more of quality, this is to sync the information being taught to children have a more coherent body of knowledge. Successful early childhood education is not possible without effective early childhood educators. Early childhood educators play significant role to social and emotional development of their students and put down foundation to their education. To succeed at their roles, early childhood educators need to have the necessary organizational, interpersonal and professional skills. They must be able to organize the necessary learning environment and be organized in all their activities. Appropriate interpersonal skills hel p effective early childhood educators to communicate effectively with their students, their parents and guardians, co-workers, and other individuals. Passion for teaching children however is the most important quality of effective early childhood educators. An early childhood educator that enjoys her work is able to withstand many challenges that come along her way and be a motivation to her students. References Early, D. M., Maxwell, K. L., Burchinal, M., Alva, S., Bender, R. H., Bryant, D., Cai, K., Clifford, R. M., Ebanks, C., Griffin, J. A., Henry, G. T., Howes, C., Iriondo-Perez, J., Jeon, H.-J., Mashburn, A. J., Peisner-Feinberg, E., Pianta, R. C., Vandergrift, N. Zill, N. (2007). Teachers’ Education, Classroom Quality, and Young Children’s Academic Skills: Results from Seven Studies of Preschool Programs. Child Development, 78 (1),  558–580 Edwards, S., Blaise, M. Hammer, M. (2009). The name assigned to the document by the author. This field may also contain sub-titles, series names, and report numbers.Beyond Developmentalism? Early Childhood Teachers’ Understandings of Multiage Grouping in Early Childhood Education and Care. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 34(4), 55-63. Grieshaber, S. Cannella, G. (2001) Embracing identities in early childhood education: diversity and possibilities. London: Teachers College Press. Hollowell, K. (2009). Qualities of a Good Teacher in Early Childhood Development. Web. Koza, W. Smith, J. (2007). Managing an Effective Early Childhood Classroom: Early Learning. Huntington Beach: Shell Education. Vialle, W., Lysaght, P. Verenikina, I. (2008). Handbook on child development. South Melbourne: Cengage Learning. This essay on The effective early childhood educator was written and submitted by user Deven Joyce to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.